In the response phase the most important step is to assess disaster after occurrence. By disaster assessment, we can obtain all the needed information for controlling, decision-making and also disaster planning. Lack of disaster assessment causes you to make unsuitable decisions based on limited or inadequate data which leads to imperfect disaster response. According to IFRC, disaster response operation will have an unsuitable function without disaster assessment. This paper presents the principles and concepts of disaster assessment.

this study aimed to investigate the movement inclinations in children age 6 to 9 with secure and insecure attachment styles. The research method was descriptive used a causal-comparative design. Participants comprised 24 male and female children aged 6 to 9 years old (including 8 children with secure attachment, 8 children with anxious insecure attachment, and 8 children with avoidant insecure attachment) selected by convenience sampling using Middle Childhood Attachment Scale (Ronaghi, Delavar & Mazaheri, 2012). Further, Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the movement behavior of each child during his/her activities was videotaped and scored under the supervision of a movement expert using the researcher-made observational checklist of movement qualities and observational checklist of movement dimensions (Asaseh, 2014). Data were analyzed by Chi-squared test and multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed significant differences between the movement qualities among these three groups. Furthermore, they had differences in using the spatial dimensions,anxious children are more shaped in the horizontal dimensions and avoidant children in the vertical dimensions. These findings indicated that the observed individual differences in movement patterns were significantly related to different attachment orientations.

Objective: the present article was written with the aim of creating an integrated-nurturing environment for children in pre-school age, with a case study of integration of children with physical and motor disorders and ordinary children, and the paper dealt with identifying and examining the physical characteristics of integrated-nurturing environment for the active use of the children in question. Method: it was applied a descriptiveexplanatory (survey type) method through semistructured interview, using researcher-created questionnaire. Results: At the theoretical and field level, the findings of the study indicated that integrated kindergarten is the most suitable environment for the formation of a fostered (integrated-nurturing) environment. Conclusion: the results indicate that the three main functions of the environment are: health promotion, Level of interaction and level of knowledge and skills of children. In general, the most important feature of the integrated kindergarten environment is that it fits in with the desires and abilities of all children who use it.

Background and Aim: To diagnose developmental coordination disorder, a standard and accurate instrument for assessment of motor skills is required. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition is one of the tools developed for this purpose and is used in English-speaking countries (Britain and America). Therefore, it is necessary to examine the reliability of this test for use in Iranain society. The purpose of the present study was to determine the reliability of this test for age band two (7 to 10 years) children in Tehran. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study consisted of all 7-10 year-old children in Tehran. The sample consisted of 800 typical children with normal growth with a range of 0/7 to 10/8 years (mean 8. 8 and 1. 2 standard deviation) selected using multistage random sampling. The instrument used in the study was the Movement Assessment Battery For Children-Second Edition. We analyzed the inter-tester reliability and the test-retest and internal consistency for the Iranian sample. Inter-tester reliability was performed with two testers on 50 children, Test-retest reliability with two weeks interval between two tests and on 75 children, and internal consistency reliability was evaluated on 800 children. All steps of data analyses were performed using SPSS, version 23, and the significance level was set at p <0. 05. Results: Inter-tester reliability was calculated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient for manual dexterity to be 0/923, aiming and catching 0/999, balance 0/988, and the total score of test was calculated to be 0/985. Test-retest reliability was calculated by calculating the inter-class correlation coefficient for manual dexterity to be 0/926, aiming and catching 0/888, balance 0/967, and the total score of test was calculated to be 0/967. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the internal consistency of the test was 0/713 for manual dexterity, aiming and catching0/765, balance 0/603, and the total score was calculated to be 0/843. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it is concluded that The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition is a reliable tool for diagnosing the developmental coordination disorder in children aged 7-10 years in Tehran.

Background and Purpose: Since assessing emotional intelligence from childhood is important, this study aimed to develop and validate an emotional intelligence questionnaire for Iranian culture. Method: This is a descriptive and developmental study in which the questionnaire was designed with 68 items. The study population consisted of 618 mothers of children 6 to 9 years old in Tehran in the academic year 1400, that were selected from schools by means of accessible way. The content validity was determined by 10 college professors who were chosen in an accessible way. For construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed, and the internal consistency of the questionnaire was determined by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: Based on the analysis of the questionnaire, 9 items were omitted because their content validity ratio was less than 0. 62 and content validity index was less than 0. 79, final analysis was performed with 59 items. Based on the exploratory factor analysis, 7 factors were able to explain the variances, and after rotation with the varimax method, the total factors explained 62. 516% of the variance. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the goodness-of-fit index reached 0. 943, which was acceptable. The internal consistency of the questions was also 0. 95. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the present questionnaire is a valid instrument for assessing children from 6 to 9 years old.

Introduction: Identification and promotion of diagnostic methods has been a continuous effort to reduce disease and its complications and reduce costs associated with treatment. Despite all these efforts and improving our knowledge of diseases and diagnostic tools, pediatric appendicitis remains part of the diagnostic challenge in the surgical field. The aim of this is to compare the two diagnostic criteria of appendicitis (Children's Appendicitis Score [PAS] Versus Pediatric Appendicitis Score [CAS]) and evaluation of the diagnostic features of them. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on all children admitted to the hospital's emergency center with a possible diagnosis of appendicitis (270 patients) during 2018 and 2019 at Tabriz Pediatric Hospital. Based on the clinical examinations and para-clinical findings some of the patients were underwent the surgical intervention (220 cases) and some discharged and followed up for a period of 2 and 4 weeks later (50 cases). The data were analyzed through SPSS ver. 16 software. Results: The results of the present study indicated that if CAS was associated with ultrasound, the specificity of these criteria would improve and could be more acceptable compared with the PAS. In addition, it was revealed that WBC≥ 11000, as well as PMN≥ 65% and guarding were very specific for diagnosis and complication of acute appendicitis. There was a significant relationship between US findings and pathology reports (P<0. 05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the CAS criteria were more sensitive and the PAS was more specific in diagnosing pediatric acute appendicitis.

Background: Stress is a migraine trigger. Anxiety sensitivity as a mediator between stress and disease is one of the factors affecting the symptoms of migraine. Purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on anxiety sensitivity in patients with migraine.Methods: In this semi experimental study, 36 patients with migraine were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. Patients of experimental group received EMDR therapy, 3 sessions of 90 minutes within three weeks. Control group did not receive any medical or psychological intervention. Participants in both groups were evaluated with Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory- Revised (ASI-R) during pre-test, post-test and one-month follow-up.Findings: The analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing reduces anxiety sensitivity (P<0.05) in patients.Conclusion: The results suggest that EMDR can be considered as one of the therapies for migraine headaches.